No. 3 - Autumm 1995

  1. PROCEEDINGS OF THE “2nd INTERNATION SYMPHOSIUM ON WILD BOAR (Sus scrofa) AND ON SUB-ORDER Suiformes”.
    E. Macchi, C. Mann, D. Fogliato & P. Durio (eds).

    Status of species, Genetics and Conservation

    Physiology and Anatomy


    Pathology


    Eco-ethology and Behaviour


    Biogeography and Ecology


    Populations


    Management
 
 
 


PREFACE.


Why should the Proceedings of a Symposium on Wild boar be published in the Journal of Mountain Ecology?

After carefully examining the work done, the editorial board of “Ibex - Journal of Mountain Ecology”, has decided to publish the Proceedings of the “2nd International Symposium on Wild boar (Sus scrofa) and on sub-order Suiformes” for three basic reasons.

1 - The present distribution of the species in the Alps. The Wild boar reappeared in many parts of the Alps at the beginning of this century. From the mid-sixties, its population has expanded in the mountain areas of many european countries, Italy in particular. The causes of this phenomenon are to be found in the far-reaching transformation of the local environment and in climatic changes that have taken place since the 1960s. In addition to such factors, we find that man has abandoned much of the mountain areas located above 800-1,000 metres, entailing profound environmental changes, such as: the expansion of wooded areas, the invasion of Alpine meadows by bushes, the transformation of undergrowth and woods that are no longer managed. As a result of this there is more food available with a high nutritional value in particular chestnuts, acorns and beech nuts, no longer used for human and animal food.
There is a continuous increase in the local populations that correspond to the increase in the areas available to the species. This is brought about by the numerous acts of introducing wild boars for hunting. Many of the wild boars set free in the hilly and pre-Alpine areas end up by colonizing, at least seasonally, even the highest of mountain districts.

2 - Role of the protected mountain areas. The wild boar’s territorial expansion involves many Alpine areas, where there are full protection or hunting restrictions, whereby any kind of intervention on fauna is strictly limited or forbidden. The coming of this species in many Alpine parks is considered as a very important ecological event not only for its impact on vegetation, but also for the one it has on several species of Alpine fauna that are particularly at risk and threatened. Such interference in an Alpine environment is still largely unstudied. Moreover, the Wild boar, in many protected areas, risks exasperating relations between the park managers and the local populations. The latter end up by considering the measures for protecting fauna as responsible for the expansion of the species in areas where farming and forestry activities are already highly penalised.

3 - Impact of Wild boar on Alpine meadows. The appearance of Wild boars at high altitudes has important repercussions on the Alpine ecosystem. In many moutain areas indirect signs of their presence have been seen on Alpine meadows above 2,400 m. Frequently these areas are steep sloping and man undertakes no maintenance work here. What impact can the presence of this species have over time on such delicate ecosystems where any restoration is slow and difficult?
These and other points may find an answer in the works presented at this Symposium and the experience reported by researchers from various countries, albeit with very different environmental conditions, may be extremely useful for directing new research projects and for understanding what may be the future developments of Wild boar in the mountains.

The Editor in Chief of Ibex
V. Peracino


The 2nd Symposium was held in Turin, Italy, sponsorised by the University of Turin, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Production, Epidemiology and Ecology, under the professorship of Ecology (Prof. P. Durio), together with the sponsorship of Piedmont Region. In this occasion, researchers from all over the world, rapresenting Universities, National Research Institutes, nature reservers and game reserves, met in Turin.


E. Macchi, C. Mann, D. Fogliato & P. Durio (eds).


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(Whole Proceedings)


Status of species, Genetics and Conservation

Taxonomy and conservation status of the Suiformes-An overview.
W. L. R. Oliver

Conservation genetics of the genus Sus.
E. Randi

Data on the biochemical-genetical polymorphism of Wild boar in Hungary.
J. Ernhaft & S. Csányi

Genetic characterization of some populations of Wild boar (Sus scrofa scrofa) in Piedmont (Italy).
P.Durio, E. Macchi & R. Rasero

Cytogenetic variability in the Wild boar (Sus scrofa scrofa) in Piedmont (Italy): preliminary data.
E. Macchi, M. Tarantola, A. Perrone, M. C. Paradiso & G. Ponzio

The pig mitochondrial genome.
W. Hecht & V. Dzapo

Conservation and research priorities for threatened suids of South and Southeast Asia.
R. A. Blouch

The taxonomy, distribution and status of Philippine wild pigs.
W. L. R. Oliver

Observation on the recent history, natural history and management of the pigmy hog (Sus salvanius).
S. Deb Roy

Creating a public understanding of the biology of the Babirusa (Babyrousa babyrussa) within a caring zoo environment.
A. A. Macdonald & K. Leus

Analyses of diets fed to Babirusa (Babyrousa babyrussa) in captivity with respect to their nutritional requirements.
K. Leus & C. A. Morgan

Priorities for conservation action and research on Afrotropical Suids.
J. P. D’Huart

Assessment of the present distribution of the forest hog (Hylochoerus meinertzhageni) in Ethiopia.
J. P. D’Huart & E. Yohannes

Relative abundances of peccaries in areas of different human pressures within the Beni Biosphere Reserve, Bolivia.
R. L. E. Painter, R. B. Wallace & D. Pickford

Note on the taxonomy of Pleistocene Hippopotamuses.
C. Petronio


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Physiology and Anatomy

Biometric data and growth rates of a mountain population of Wild boar (Sus scrofa L.), Ticino, Switzerland.
M. Moretti

Biometric data and growth rates of a Wild boar population living in the Italian Alps.
U. Gallo Orsi, E. Macchi , A. Perrone & P. Durio

Body growth in a confined Wild boar population.
S. Mattioli & P. Pedone

Body size and growth patterns in wild boars of Tuscany, Central Italy.
P. Pedone, S. Mattioli & L. Mattioli

Morphometrical analysis of two mediterranean Wild boar populations.
P. Genov, G. Massei & H. Nikolov

Growth and survival in piglets.
E. Baubet, G. Van Laere & J. M. Gaillard

Dressed versus undressed weight relationship in wild boars (Sus scrofa) from Italy.
S. Mattioli & P. Pedone

Sensory innervation of the upper lip in the domestic pig (Sus scrofa f. domestica).
V. D’Andrea, L. Malinovsky, R. Troccoli, I. Malinovska & M. Artico

The intestinal tract and the Peyer’s patch dimensions of wild boars (Sus scrofa L.,1758) and domestic pigs (Sus scrofa f. domestica). An allometric comparison.
G. Uhr


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Pathology

Serological survey of Wild boar (Sus scrofa) in Liguria, Italy.
C. Ercolini, A.Ferrari, S. Fisichella, P. Guerci Lena, M. L. Mandola, L. Masoero, W. Mignone, M. Perruchon & M. Poggi

Pathology of Wild boar (Sus scrofa) in Liguria, Italy, between 1989 and 1992.

W. Mignone, M. Poggi, G. C. Pistone, M. Caramelli, E. Bollo & B. Biolatti

Bacteriological examination of meat of wild boars shot down in Piedmont and Liguria, Italy.

L. Decastelli, V. Giaccone & W. Mignone

Anatomo-histopathological observation on the renal pathology in the Wild boar (Sus scrofa).
M. Caramelli, E. Bozzetta, W. Mignone, M. C. Bisso, E. Scanziani, A. M. Giusti & M. Castagnaro

Cardiac pathology of the Sardinian Wild boar (Sus scrofa) with particular attention to endocardiosis.
A. Leoni, A. M. Nieddu, E. Sanna & S. Pirino

A contribution to the study of cardiac pathology in Wild boar (Sus scrofa).

F. Guarda, E. Macchi, U. Gallo Orsi, W. Mignone, G. Durante, V. Dini & A. Perrone

Models for predicting the dynamics and control of contact-spread diseases in feral pigs (Sus scrofa) in Australia.
R. P. Pech, J. C. McIlroy & M. F. Clough


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Eco-ethology and Behaviour

Daily movement pattern variations in Wild boar (Sus scrofa L.).
G. Janeau, B. Cargnelutti, S. Cousse, M. Hewison & F. Spitz

Effects of shooting with hounds on size of resting range of Wild boar (Sus scrofa) groups in Mediterranean habitat.
D. Maillard & P. Fournier

Space use by pen-raised wild boars (Sus scrofa) released in Tuscany (Central Italy) - I: Daily movement patterns.
L. Boitani, L. Mattei, P. Morini & B. Zagarese

Space use by pen-raised wild boars (Sus scrofa) released in Tuscany (Central Italy) - II: Home range.
P. Morini, L. Boitani, L. Mattei & B. Zagarese

Preliminary data of the Wild boar (Sus scrofa) space use in mountain environment.
L. D’Andrea, P. Durio, A. Perrone & S. Pirone

Temporal ontogeny in the Wild boar (Sus scrofa L.): a systemic point of view.
S. Cousse, G. Janeau, F. Spitz & B. Cargnelutti

Preliminary data of activity patterns of Wild boar (Sus scrofa) in the Maremma Natural Park (Italy).
L. Russo, P. Genov & G. Massei

Grouping pattern of Japanese Wild boar (Sus scrofa leucomystax).
J. Nakatani & Y. Ono

Study of the Wild boar (Sus scrofa L.) memory in its orientative behaviour.
A. Lozan

Use of spotlights for capturing Wild boar (Sus scrofa L.).
P. Fournier, D. Maillard & Ch. Fournier-Chambrillon

Zoletil® immobilization of Wild boar (Sus scrofa L.).
P. Fournier, Ch. Fournier-Chambrillon, D.Maillard & Klein F.


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Biogeography and Ecology


Wild boar distribution trends in the last two centuries: an example in northern Spain.

C. Nores, F. González & P. García

Distribution of Wild boar (Sus scrofa) in Piedmont and Aosta Valley (NW Italy).

P. Debernardi, E. Macchi, A. Perrone & F. Silvano

The Wild boar (Sus scrofa) in the Gran Paradiso National Park (Italy): presence and distribution.

V. Peracino & B. Bassano

The expanse of the Wild boar habitat in Slovenia.
B. Krze

Feral pig ecology in Cape Tribulation National Park, North Queensland, Australia.

P. M. Pavlov & E. C. Edwards

Ecological comparison of two wild pig populations in semi-arid and sub-alpine Australia.

G. Saunders & J. Giles

G.I.S. as a means to identify the environmental conditions of Wild boar diurnal resting places.

B. Cargnelutti, G. Janeau, F. Spitz & S. Cousse

Where and when: the ecological parameters affecting wild boars choice while rooting in grasslands in an alpine valley.

U. Gallo Orsi, B. Sicuro, P. Durio, L. Canalis, G. Mazzoni, E. Serzotti & D. Chiariglione

Are wild boars a future threat to the Swedish flora?

J. Welander

Preliminary analysis of food availability and habitat use by the Wild boar in a mediterranean area.

G. Massei & P. Genov

Wild boars (Sus scrofa scrofa L.) around Chernobyl, Ukraine. Seasonal feed choice in an environment under transition: a baseline study.

O. Eriksson & M. Petrov

Diet of the Wild boar (Sus scrofa L.) inhabiting the Montpellier garrigue.

Ch. Fournier-Chambrillon, D. Maillard & P. Fournier

The autumn diet of the Wild boar (Sus scrofa) in an alpine valley. Preliminary results.

P. Durio, D. Fogliato, A. Perrone & N. Tessarin

Stomach contents of Japanese Wild boar in winter.

M. Asahi


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Populations


Situation of Wild boar populations in western Poland.

B. Fruzinski

Population dynamics and management of Sus scrofa in western Switzerland: a statistical modelling approach.

C. R. Neet

Birth distribution, structure and dynamics of a hunted mountain population of wild boars (Sus scrofa L.), Ticino, Switzerland.

M. Moretti

Demographic patterns of a Wild boar (Sus scrofa L.) population in Tuscany, Italy.

L. Boitani, P. Trapanese & L. Mattei

Structure and monthly birth distribution of a Wild boar population living in mountainous environment.

P. Durio, U. Gallo Orsi, E. Macchi & A. Perrone

Methods of population estimates of a hunted Wild boar (Sus scrofa) population in Tuscany (Italy).

L. Boitani, P. Trapanese & L. Mattei

Distribution and density of Wild boar (Sus scrofa) through tracks survery in the Orsiera Rocciavrè Natural Park, Piedmont (Italy).

D. Alpe

Factors that limit the number of wild boars (Sus scrofa L.) in the Republic of Moldova.

M. Lozan

Wild boar as the main prey species of Wolf in an area of northern Apennines (Italy).

L. Mattioli, M. Apollonio, C. Lovari, N. Siemoni & G. Crudele


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Management


The Wild boar management in a province of the Central Italy.
R. Mazzoni Della Stella, F. Calovi & L. Burrini

Wild boar management in an area of Southern Tuscany (Italy).
R. Mazzoni Della Stella, F. Calovi & L. Burrini

Management attempts of Wild boar (Sus scrofa L.): first results and outstanding researches in northern Apennines (Italy).
A. Marsan, S. Spanò & C. Tognoni

Wild boar population dynamics and management in Hungary.
S. Csányi

Estimating sustainable harvests for Wild pig populations in Australia’s rangelands.
D. Choquenot

Turkey’s most sought-after big game.
M. Eroglu Wild boar.

Wild boar (Sus scrofa L.) hunting in south-western Pyrenees (Spain): preliminary data.
J. Herrero, A. García-Serrano & R. García-González

Damages caused to crops by wild boars (S. scrofa meridionalis) in Sardinia (Italy).

P. Onida, F. Garau & S. Cossu

The Wild boar’s impact on agriculture: in Piedmont (Italy): a study on administrative reports.
E.Macchi, B.Sicuro, A. Perrone, U. Gallo Orsi & P. Durio

Wild boar (Sus scrofa) control in Regional Park “La Mandria” (Piedmont, NW Italy).
P. Debernardi, E. Patriarca & R. Sabidussi

New techniques for an old problem. Recent advances in feral pig control in Australia.
J. C. McIlroy

Wild boar farming in the United Kingdom.
W. D. Booth

Recent prosperity of Wild boar commercialization in Japan.
N. Kanzaki & E. Otsuka

Present status of feral crossbred of pig x Wild boar in Japan.
N. Kanzaki & Y. Kodera

Ancient domestic pigs in the Urals (Russia).
V. N. Bolshakov & P. A. Kosintsev


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